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EU Green Deal projects, including REGILIENCE, ARSINOE, IMPETUS and TransformAr are contributing to tackling sustainable water management, the Canary Islands' most pressing environmental challenges. As an outermost region of the European Union, the Canary Islands face unique vulnerabilities due to their remote location, complex climate, and heavy reliance on tourism. To guide their development, the islands follow the EU’s Smart Specialization Strategy, which focuses on leveraging local assets and addressing key priorities such as water, energy, and climate resilience.
Water is a critical issue for the region, underpinning public health, economic activity, and environmental stability. Groundwater from volcanic aquifers is the primary drinking water source, particularly on the western islands. However, these aquifers are complex and poorly understood. EU-backed research has helped advance knowledge in this area, with the Arsinoe project notably enabling real-time monitoring of water systems affected by natural events like the 2021 Tajogaite volcanic eruption on La Palma.
The interconnection between water and energy is also central to the islands' sustainability strategy. Despite efforts, 80% of the region’s energy still comes from fossil fuels. Projects like Gorona del Viento on El Hierro demonstrate how renewable energy and water systems can be integrated effectively. Technologies such as desalination and hydraulic energy storage further underscore the need for precise water resource management.
Future climate projections paint a challenging picture. High-resolution models developed through EU initiatives suggest that the Canary Islands will face increased aridity, reduced rainfall, and rising temperatures. These trends seriously threaten already stressed water systems, particularly as population growth and tourism continue to drive demand. Coordinated water, energy, and climate policy strategies, supported by EU research, are essential for ensuring the region's long-term resilience and sustainability.
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