A cross-border collaboration is a collaboration between two or more procurers from different countries (‘buyers group’), where they may co-finance the procurement and/or they may undertake the procurement jointly. The cross-border collaboration may take different forms. For example, a joint PCP or PPI will entail the identification of a shared need of all participating contracting authorities, the release of one joint call for tender, the joint evaluation of offers, and the award of (some or all of) the procurement contract(s) by a lead procurer in the name and on behalf of the buyers group.