[{"command":"openDialog","selector":"#drupal-modal","settings":null,"data":"\u003Cdiv id=\u0022republish_modal_form\u0022\u003E\u003Cform class=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form ecl-form\u0022 data-drupal-selector=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 action=\u0022\/en\/article\/modal\/6738\u0022 method=\u0022post\u0022 id=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 accept-charset=\u0022UTF-8\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHorizon articles can be republished for free under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EYou must give appropriate credit. We ask you to do this by:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 1) Using the original journalist\u0027s byline\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 2) Linking back to our original story\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 3) Using the following text in the footer: This article was originally published in \u003Ca href=\u0027#\u0027\u003EHorizon, the EU Research and Innovation magazine\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003ESee our full republication guidelines \u003Ca href=\u0027\/horizon-magazine\/republish-our-stories\u0027\u003Ehere\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EHTML for this article, including the attribution and page view counter, is below:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textarea form-item-body-content js-form-item-body-content ecl-form-group ecl-form-group--text-area form-no-label ecl-u-mv-m\u0022\u003E\n \n\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Ctextarea data-drupal-selector=\u0022edit-body-content\u0022 aria-describedby=\u0022edit-body-content--description\u0022 id=\u0022edit-body-content\u0022 name=\u0022body_content\u0022 rows=\u00225\u0022 cols=\u002260\u0022 class=\u0022form-textarea ecl-text-area\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ENine things we now know about the European open science cloud\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpen science is a fundamental change in the way science is done\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESo said the EOSC\u2019s lead architect, Donatella Castelli of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISTI). She was speaking at the opening session of the event organised by the EOSCpilot project, which has been set up to support the development of the EOSC. By using digital technologies and new collaborative tools to share data and services, science can become truly open, not only done by professionals but also by amateurs \u2013 the so-called citizen scientists. However, changing the way science is done also means changing the legal and policy context in which it operates. One key ingredient of open science is data, which is currently ruled by domestic law, creating a lot of complexity for open science experimenters. The other key ingredient is technology, which means creating rules for the interchange of data and resources across borders and between researchers.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00222\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThere is a lot of data out there\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWe may think that we are swamped by data now, but there is a lot more data to come. While our phones and laptops are measured in megabytes and gigabytes, big data is petabyte-scale. A petabyte is 1024 terabytes or more than a quadrillion bytes, and the European fusion reactor project at ITER will soon be generating 2 petabytes of scientific data per day in the drive to create a new, sustainable power source. The challenge for open data scientists is to not only store so much raw data but also find a way of extracting the nuggets of valuable information. More data across multiple domains means an enormous task ahead for a project that aims to link it all together.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00223\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EScience demonstrators are showing where the problems lie\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe EOSC is currently in a pilot phase. By creating\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/eoscpilot.eu\/science-demonstrators\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 rel=\u0022noopener noreferrer\u0022\u003Escience demonstrators\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;- mini open science clouds in specific disciplines such as Earth sciences and high-energy physics - and developing experiments, all kinds of issues come to the surface that can then feed into the design phase. It\u2019s \u0027a bit like a requirements study,\u0027 said the EOSCpilot\u2019s leader and\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/horizon-magazine.eu\/article\/establishing-sense-direction-first-step-open-science-cloud-dr-juan-bicarregui_en.html\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 rel=\u0022noopener noreferrer\u0022\u003EHorizon interviewee\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Dr Juan Bicarregui. The science demonstration projects hint at the potential of open science and highlight the key technical, organisational and policy challenges of building an international, community-wide cloud network to share resources. It\u0027s an example of the evolutionary nature of the development of the EOSC, which has been described as\u0026nbsp;a \u0027learning by doing\u0027 exercise.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00224\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe EOSC could be used for everything from cancer research to archaeology\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOne of the science demonstrators, called Pan-Cancer Analysis, is allowing scientists to re-analyse existing Dutch population data to find links that have been hidden to date and uncover new insights into cancer. In Italy, a project is using cloud technology to digitalise old texts, index the contents and make it available to other researchers to work on. Other areas covered by the demonstrators, and on show at the conference, include high energy physics, astronomy and Earth sciences. Because each data set is unique and proprietary, each demonstrator requires tailored computer science to enable the experiments to be cloud-ready.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00225\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHow to make data FAIR was the question on everybody\u2019s lips\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESharing is FAIR-ing. FAIR data is findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable, and it guides the handling of sensitive data and the development of metadata. Metadata is the construction glue that holds the data together and to be FAIR, data must be tagged, managed, filed and connected in a consistent manner, now and into the future. The FAIR principle acts as a compass for getting to a working EOSC but it\u2019s a huge challenge. To illustrate the scale of the problem, just one domain (seismology) conducting open science for better earthquake prediction creates a billion pieces of metadata per year - how is this to be managed and made FAIR?\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00226\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe world\u2019s biggest data repository will not own any data\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIt is a misunderstanding to think that all of the data goes into a big pot in the middle - it doesn\u2019t. Ownership always stays at the local level so the EOSC will not own any data. As well as joining up different data infrastructures into one big network and plugging any gaps, the EOSC\u2019s role is to help researchers by providing services. These include large scale computer processing power and a set of rules underpinning open data. The question many delegates had, is how much procedural involvement should the EOSC have? Most people thought a light-touch approach was the best way to ensure scientific engagement and progress.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00227\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENew legislation is set to change the way data is handled\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe EU\u2019s General Data Protection Regulation (GPDR) is coming in 2018 and it will change the way data is handled in Europe. It will enable a smoother, unified data handling regime in the EU, while giving people back control of their personal data. The new regime governs data protection, data collection and data use, and any company, regardless of location, which wants to trade in the EU will be subject to the law. Companies need to be compliant with the new regulation when it comes into force after a two-year transition period in May 2018, so with 11 chapters and 91 articles, the GPDR has many IT managers preoccupied at present. For the EOSC, it means dealing with one piece of legislation rather than 28, a big advantage for a pan-European project.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00228\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOpen science cloud researchers are humans too\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIf you\u2019ve ever been locked out of your social media accounts or email, you know how frustrating that experience can be. Something as basic as a failed login attempt means many researchers are discouraged at the first hurdle and lack trust in the system. Human factors such as ease-of-use, added value and, critically, identity management so that logging in is as frictionless as possible, are part of the goal of making EOSC human-centric, as Silvana Muscella, chair of the High Level Expert Group that oversees the whole initiative, urged in her closing keynote address. Trust and familiarity are cornerstones of engagement and while it is unlikely to be as easy to use as Facebook, the user experience should not be a barrier to adoption.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Col start=\u00229\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThere\u2019s more money on the way\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe EU would like to see the European Open Science Cloud become a reality by 2020. In total, around \u20ac272m of the Horizon 2020 budget for 2018-2020 will go towards open science. So far, 70 scientific institutions have endorsed the \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/research\/openscience\/index.cfm?pg=open-science-cloud \u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 rel=\u0022noopener noreferrer\u0022\u003EEOSC Declaration\u003C\/a\u003E about that goal.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/bit.ly\/newsalertsignup\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022https:\/\/horizon-magazine.eu\/research-and-innovation\/sites\/default\/files\/hm\/news-alert-final.jpg\u0022 alt width=\u0022983\u0022 height=\u0022222\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EIf you liked this article, please consider sharing it on social media.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/textarea\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022edit-body-content--description\u0022 class=\u0022ecl-help-block description\u0022\u003E\n Please copy the above code and embed it onto your website to republish.\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cinput autocomplete=\u0022off\u0022 data-drupal-selector=\u0022form-leudiz3kwsuut-bya5q-lnmmtmtmnnzs3dkql1-c5zo\u0022 type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022form_build_id\u0022 value=\u0022form-LeuDIz3KWsuut-BYA5Q-lnmMTmTmnNzs3dkqL1_c5Zo\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Cinput data-drupal-selector=\u0022edit-modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022form_id\u0022 value=\u0022modal_form_example_modal_form\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003C\/form\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","dialogOptions":{"width":"800","modal":true,"title":"Republish this content"}}]