[{"command":"openDialog","selector":"#drupal-modal","settings":null,"data":"\u003Cdiv id=\u0022republish_modal_form\u0022\u003E\u003Cform class=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form ecl-form\u0022 data-drupal-selector=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 action=\u0022\/en\/article\/modal\/6470\u0022 method=\u0022post\u0022 id=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 accept-charset=\u0022UTF-8\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHorizon articles can be republished for free under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EYou must give appropriate credit. We ask you to do this by:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 1) Using the original journalist\u0027s byline\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 2) Linking back to our original story\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 3) Using the following text in the footer: This article was originally published in \u003Ca href=\u0027#\u0027\u003EHorizon, the EU Research and Innovation magazine\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003ESee our full republication guidelines \u003Ca href=\u0027\/horizon-magazine\/republish-our-stories\u0027\u003Ehere\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EHTML for this article, including the attribution and page view counter, is below:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textarea form-item-body-content js-form-item-body-content ecl-form-group ecl-form-group--text-area form-no-label ecl-u-mv-m\u0022\u003E\n \n\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Ctextarea data-drupal-selector=\u0022edit-body-content\u0022 aria-describedby=\u0022edit-body-content--description\u0022 id=\u0022edit-body-content\u0022 name=\u0022body_content\u0022 rows=\u00225\u0022 cols=\u002260\u0022 class=\u0022form-textarea ecl-text-area\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ECrossing Europe on the hydrogen highway\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHyundai, Toyota and Honda have all developed \u2013 and commercialised \u2013 cars powered by hydrogen gas. While there are just a handful on Europe\u2019s roads at the moment, that\u2019s all about to change because of a concerted effort to put hydrogen technology into the fast lane.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHydrogen works in a \u2018fuel cell\u2019 to generate electricity, which can drive a car\u2019s wheels via an electric motor, emitting nothing but water vapour in the process.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u2018Our activities aim to improve accessibility and interoperability of stations,\u2019 explained Dolly Oladini, the assistant project manager for HyFIVE, one of a group of research projects that are working collectively to deploy thousands of hydrogen vehicles across Europe, and set up dozens of refuelling stations.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe idea is to overcome an existing stalemate in which car manufacturers won\u2019t commercialise hydrogen vehicles until there are places to refuel them, while infrastructure providers won\u2019t build refuelling stations until there are cars to refuel. Until now, this chicken-and-egg situation has prevented the mass rollout of hydrogen transport.\u003Cdiv class=\u0022tw-text-center tw-bg-bluelightest tw-p-12 tw-my-12 tw--mx-16\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch3 class=\u0022tw-font-sans tw-font-bold tw-text-blue tw-uppercase tw-text-lg tw-mb-8\u0022\u003EThe Issue\u003C\/h3\u003E\n \u003Cspan class=\u0022tw-inline-block tw-w-1\/6 tw-h-1 tw-bg-blue tw-mb-8\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EEurope\u2019s greenhouse gases and transport emissions remain higher than in 1990.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIt\u2019s one of the sectors that will have to show dramatic reductions in emissions if we are to cut back on greenhouse gases by enough to keep global warming to within 2 degrees Celsius of pre-industrial times.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe EU\u2019s strategy for low-emissions mobility includes speeding up the deployment of advanced biofuels, hydrogen and electricity, and accelerating the transition towards zero-emissions vehicles.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn 2013, the EU outlined in an \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX:52013PC0017\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003Eofficial communication \u003C\/a\u003Ewhat would be required to substitute oil as an energy source across all modes of transport.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EA fair amount of scepticism surrounded the so-called hydrogen economy in the early 2000s, as hydrogen is neither easy to store nor to get hold of in the first place. But technology has improved and, said Oladini, there is a growing awareness of the pollution caused by regular internal combustion engines.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPollution deaths\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEarlier this year, the Global Burden of Disease project, a collaboration of hundreds of researchers the world over, reported that more than 5.5 million people worldwide die every year from air pollution, largely due to vehicle exhaust.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u2018Air quality is really high on the political agenda, not just for London but for other global cities,\u2019 said Oladini, who is based at the Greater London Authority, London\u2019s overall governing body and the coordinating partner of HyFIVE.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHyFIVE has attempted to broker the stalemate on hydrogen transport by setting up agreements between car manufacturers \u2013 BMW, Daimler, Honda, Hyundai and Toyota \u2013 and refuelling station providers \u2013 Air Products, Danish Hydrogen Fuel, ITM Power, Linde and OMV.\u0026nbsp;\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size: 13.008px;\u0022\u003EThe project, which was launched in 2014, was co-funded by\u0026nbsp;the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, a public-private partnership between the European Commission, industry and research. The EU contributed EUR 18 million, while project partners put in EUR 20 million.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOne of the main challenges was finding places to site the refuelling stations, particularly in the UK capital. \u2018London doesn\u2019t have a lot of land we can build on,\u2019 said Oladini, \u2018and where we do, it\u2019s very complicated and political as to who can build on it.\u2019\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBy the time the project completes next year, HyFIVE expects to have arranged the building of six refuelling stations and the deployment of 185 fuel cell cars in strategic European cities \u2013 London, Copenhagen in Denmark, Stuttgart and Munich in Germany, Innsbruck in Austria and Bolzano. That is a good start for hydrogen transport \u2013 but another project, Hydrogen Mobility Europe (H2ME), wants to go a lot further.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EComing in two phases, and with a total cost of over EUR 160 million, H2ME intends to deploy 49 refuelling stations and 1 550 fuel-cell cars, vans and trucks. The two H2ME projects -\u0026nbsp;H2ME and\u0026nbsp;H2ME2 -\u0026nbsp;share many of the same partners of HyFIVE, including the low-carbon engineering consultancy Element Energy, based in Cambridge, UK, which coordinates H2ME.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPan-European\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe scale of H2ME comes in part from its aim to bring together national hydrogen transport initiatives, which vary in aim and scope.\u003Cblockquote class=\u0022tw-text-center tw-text-blue tw-font-bold tw-text-2xl lg:tw-w-1\/2 tw-border-2 tw-border-blue tw-p-12 tw-my-8 lg:tw-m-12 lg:tw--ml-16 tw-float-left\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cspan class=\u0022tw-text-5xl tw-rotate-180\u0022\u003E\u201c\u003C\/span\u003E\n \u003Cp class=\u0022tw-font-serif tw-italic\u0022\u003E\u2018The technology has been proven.\u2019\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cfooter\u003E\n \u003Ccite class=\u0022tw-not-italic tw-font-normal tw-text-sm tw-text-black\u0022\u003ELisa Ruf, Element Energy, UK\u003C\/cite\u003E\n \u003C\/footer\u003E\n\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe UK, for example, is attempting to promote hydrogen transport in isolated clusters, which will join up over time; France is focusing on commercial hydrogen vehicles; while Scandinavia has been encouraging the purchase of hydrogen technology with tax incentives.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe first phase of H2ME \u2013 construction of 29 refuelling stations and deployment of 325 fuel-cell vehicles \u2013 will be completed in 2020. The second phase, during which the remainder of the refuelling stations and vehicles will be deployed, will be completed in 2022.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAfter that, it could just be a matter of time before the passenger car market sees a real influx of hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELisa Ruf, the day-to-day coordinator of H2ME at Element Energy, said she expects that the market will take off by 2025, although cannot say when the regular internal combustion will become a thing of the past.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u2018The technology has been proven \u2013 it\u2019s really now a case of understanding the practicalities,\u2019 she said.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cfigure role=\u0022group\u0022 class=\u0022@aligncenter@\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Increasing the number of hydrogen refuelling stations across Europe is part of a concerted effort to encourage use of the technology. \u0022 height=\u0022880\u0022 src=\u0022\/research-and-innovation\/sites\/default\/files\/hm\/Horizon-HydrogenMap2-983-1-72dpi_0.jpg\u0022 title=\u0022Increasing the number of hydrogen refuelling stations across Europe is part of a concerted effort to encourage use of the technology. \u0022 width=\u0022983\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cfigcaption class=\u0022tw-italic tw-mb-4\u0022\u003EIncreasing the number of hydrogen refuelling stations across Europe is part of a concerted effort to encourage use of the technology.\u003C\/figcaption\u003E\n\u003C\/figure\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/textarea\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022edit-body-content--description\u0022 class=\u0022ecl-help-block description\u0022\u003E\n Please copy the above code and embed it onto your website to republish.\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cinput autocomplete=\u0022off\u0022 data-drupal-selector=\u0022form-uat12jftceemdun5hafnmyu5n260znjxpv9zzejkqn0\u0022 type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022form_build_id\u0022 value=\u0022form-Uat12JfTceEmduN5haFnmyu5n260znjXPv9ZzejKQn0\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Cinput data-drupal-selector=\u0022edit-modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022form_id\u0022 value=\u0022modal_form_example_modal_form\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003C\/form\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","dialogOptions":{"width":"800","modal":true,"title":"Republish this content"}}]