[{"command":"openDialog","selector":"#drupal-modal","settings":null,"data":"\u003Cdiv id=\u0022republish_modal_form\u0022\u003E\u003Cform class=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form ecl-form\u0022 data-drupal-selector=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 action=\u0022\/en\/article\/modal\/6118\u0022 method=\u0022post\u0022 id=\u0022modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 accept-charset=\u0022UTF-8\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHorizon articles can be republished for free under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EYou must give appropriate credit. We ask you to do this by:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 1) Using the original journalist\u0027s byline\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 2) Linking back to our original story\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n 3) Using the following text in the footer: This article was originally published in \u003Ca href=\u0027#\u0027\u003EHorizon, the EU Research and Innovation magazine\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003ESee our full republication guidelines \u003Ca href=\u0027\/horizon-magazine\/republish-our-stories\u0027\u003Ehere\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EHTML for this article, including the attribution and page view counter, is below:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textarea form-item-body-content js-form-item-body-content ecl-form-group ecl-form-group--text-area form-no-label ecl-u-mv-m\u0022\u003E\n \n\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Ctextarea data-drupal-selector=\u0022edit-body-content\u0022 aria-describedby=\u0022edit-body-content--description\u0022 id=\u0022edit-body-content\u0022 name=\u0022body_content\u0022 rows=\u00225\u0022 cols=\u002260\u0022 class=\u0022form-textarea ecl-text-area\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EFuel, medicines and beer: the multiple benefits of the yeast genome\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Default\u0022\u003EUnlocking the DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a species of yeast used in winemaking, baking and brewing, began through the EU\u2019s Biotechnol\u0026shy;ogy Action Plan (BAP) in 1989. Led by Belgian biologist Andr\u00e9 Goffeau, a total of 147 researchers from 35 laboratories linked forces to sequence chromosome III, one of the 16 chromosomes found in yeast, with the groundbreaking results published in 1992.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa5\u0022\u003E\u2018Without the European funds, I don\u2019t think the project would have happened at all. It cer\u0026shy;tainly wouldn\u2019t have moved as fast as it did,\u2019 said Professor Stephen Oliver, now of Cambridge University, UK, who led the team.\u003Cblockquote class=\u0022tw-text-center tw-text-blue tw-font-bold tw-text-2xl lg:tw-w-1\/2 tw-border-2 tw-border-blue tw-p-12 tw-my-8 lg:tw-m-12 lg:tw--ml-16 tw-float-left\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cspan class=\u0022tw-text-5xl tw-rotate-180\u0022\u003E\u201c\u003C\/span\u003E\n \u003Cp class=\u0022tw-font-serif tw-italic\u0022\u003E\u2018Sequencing chromosome III \u2026 provided the keys to unlock the genetic potential of yeast.\u2019\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cfooter\u003E\n \u003Ccite class=\u0022tw-not-italic tw-font-normal tw-text-sm tw-text-black\u0022\u003EProfessor Stephen Oliver, Cambridge University, UK\u003C\/cite\u003E\n \u003C\/footer\u003E\n\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa5\u0022\u003E\u2018Sequencing chromosome III \u2026 provided the keys to unlock the genetic potential of yeast and other organisms, because we could define what was there and begin to study the function of genes that, previously, we didn\u2019t even know existed,\u2019 he said.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa5\u0022\u003EMapping the remaining 15 yeast chromo\u0026shy;somes was completed with further Framework Programme support for an even wider consorti\u0026shy;um of researchers in the EU, the US, Japan and Canada, and published in 1996.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa5\u0022\u003EFunding from BAP\u2019s successors \u2013 the BRIDGE and BIOTECH programmes \u2013 helped to identify the functions of specific yeast genes. That was crucial in understanding similar genes in humans, and laid the foundations for se\u0026shy;quencing the entire human genome, which was completed in 2003.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa15\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELow alcohol\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa15\u0022\u003EHaving a blueprint of the inner workings of yeast has been all-important in identifying and devel\u0026shy;oping new strains for making beers and wines with particular flavours or lower alcohol, or to be used in hotter production regions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa5\u0022\u003ENew yeast varieties have also helped in ef\u0026shy;forts to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, through biofuels such as industrial ethanol and biodiesel from plant matter or waste from wood processing.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022Pa5\u0022\u003EIn medicine, the yeast genome map has allowed yeast to be used to produce new med\u0026shy;ications and vaccines, and in understanding diseases such as colon cancer and cystic fibro\u0026shy;sis. It has also played an important role in de\u0026shy;veloping treatments such as gene therapy.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u2018I think the synergy among yeast research\u0026shy;ers within Europe was hugely boosted by the chromosome III project and the genome project,\u2019 Prof. Oliver said. \u2018The collaborations outlived the sequencing project itself and have continued through other projects.\u2019\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/textarea\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022edit-body-content--description\u0022 class=\u0022ecl-help-block description\u0022\u003E\n Please copy the above code and embed it onto your website to republish.\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cinput autocomplete=\u0022off\u0022 data-drupal-selector=\u0022form-qqctrniw-ydureucywggrguvl38xdh94agr5nxcllf8\u0022 type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022form_build_id\u0022 value=\u0022form-QqctrnIW-YdUrEuCYwggrguvl38XDH94agR5nXclLf8\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Cinput data-drupal-selector=\u0022edit-modal-form-example-modal-form\u0022 type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022form_id\u0022 value=\u0022modal_form_example_modal_form\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003C\/form\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","dialogOptions":{"width":"800","modal":true,"title":"Republish this content"}}]